The Hungarian algorithm consists of the four steps below. The first two steps are executed once, while Steps 3 and 4 are repeated until an optimal assignment is found. The input of the algorithm is an n by n square matrix with only nonnegative elements.
Step 1: Subtract row minima
For each row, find the lowest element and subtract it from each element in that row.
Step 2: Subtract column minima
Similarly, for each column, find the lowest element and subtract it from each element in that column.
Step 3: Cover all zeros with a minimum number of lines
Cover all zeros in the resulting matrix using a minimum number of horizontal and vertical lines. If n lines are required, an optimal assignment exists among the zeros. The algorithm stops.
If less than n lines are required, continue with Step 4.
Step 4: Create additional zeros
Find the smallest element (call it k) that is not covered by a line in Step 3. Subtract k from all uncovered elements, and add k to all elements that are covered twice.
Continue with:
The Hungarian algorithm explained based on an example.
The Hungarian algorithm explained based on a self chosen or on a random cost matrix.
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